Job Description

Haven't been posting frequently (read:  not at all) lately.  I intend to restart at the beginning of the year, perhaps with a slightly different focus.  Regardless of all that, I found a great job description that I want to emblazon on my heart, mind, and life.  


"I am an agent of the Living God, armed with the power of the Holy Spirit, sent on a mission to assist people in finding, knowing, and experiencing God's shalom."

Luke 23 - 24

The Roman overseeing the Judean district, Pilate, tried Jesus but found nothing that merited a further trial or sentence.  He sent him to Herod, the King of the region for further questioning.  Herod was not able to procure the answers he sought, so he had Jesus beaten and sent back to Pilate's custody.  Pilate again tries Jesus, but finds no fault in Him.  He attempts to have Jesus released, only to find that the people would rather have a known and convicted terrorist released instead of Jesus.  The crowd, fomented by the religious leaders, call for an execution.  Pilate releases Jesus to the custody of the religious leaders so that He could be executed by crucifixion.  Jesus was crucified outside the city gate, buried in a tomb and left there.  Very early in the morning of the first day of the week, women went to the tomb to further embalm the body, but found the tomb empty and an angel waiting with a message that Jesus had risen.  Several of the disciples went to investigate this claim and found no evidence to the contrary.  Jesus Himself appeared to two men traveling from Jerusalem that day, as well as to the disciples gathered in Jerusalem.  He proved to them that He had died and risen from the dead as He promised, then commissioned them to preach His message to all nations, beginning with Jerusalem.  He left them with a promise that He would return.

Luke 21 - 22

Jesus, in Jerusalem at the temple, observed the giving habits of the worshipers.  One woman who only gave 2 of the smallest coins gave more than anyone else, as she gave all that she had (not just all she had in her pockets; but the last two coins left to her name).  The disciples were more concerned about when all the fantastic events that would inaugurate Jesus' kingdom would occur, so Jesus began to describe the general conditions of a world into which He would interject His kingdom.  Jerusalem would be destroyed before His kingdom would be established; the disciples were to themselves be watchful for these events and were to teach others to be watchful as well.  Judas, one of Jesus' disciples, decided to betray his master to the religious authorities during the time of the feast celebration.  Jesus' other disciples prepare for the Passover and celebrate it together.  Although Jesus makes it clear that He is aware of the betrayer's presence and plans, Judas continues to carry out his arrangement while the other followers argue over who will hold the greatest office in the coming kingdom.  Retiring after their meal to a garden, Jesus prays while His followers sleep.  Jesus is arrested by those led to the garden by Judas; the disciples scatter; Peter denies having any affiliation with the man from Galilee; Jesus is beaten and tried by the Sanhedrin (the rough equivalent of our Supreme Court).  He is found guilty of blasphemy for His claims to deity.

Luke 19 - 20

Jesus meets and interacts with a tax collector named Zacchaeus.  The transformation made by Jesus in Zacchaeus' life is so drastic that he voluntarily pays back all that he has cheated out of his clients - with interest.  The fruit of repentance needs to be clearly seen; and Zacchaeus was showing it!  Jesus continued teaching that the kingdom of God was coming, but would not arrive as early as His followers anticipated.  Their responsibility was to faithfully complete the work given to them, and not to think that everything was already in order.
Jesus then entered into the city of Jerusalem shortly before the Passover was celebrated.  The throngs gathering in the city welcomed Him with a great reception that raised the attention of even the religious leaders.  Jesus cleansed the temple of those who sought to make a profit from their business dealings within the gates; and He promptly had His authority questioned by the leaders.  When He would not directly answer their questions, they kept asking other "litmus-test" questions, trying to catch Jesus in a contradiction that would turn the public's favor from Him.  Jesus, however, answered truthfully and wisely in each case and only highlighted the folly of the questioners.

Luke 12 - 13

Jesus began to warn His disciples about the dangers of hypocrisy in their lives.  It would eat away and infiltrate much like yeast permeates a lump of dough.  Another parable was given, illustrating the importance of preparing for eternity above preparing for an earthly future.  Those who seek God's kingdom will be in much better position than those who worry about temporal details.  The faithful disciple will be vigilant and prepared for his Master's return, will count the cost of his discipleship, and be aware of events around him.
Jesus then continued teaching about repentance.  He healed a crippled woman that was beyond the care of doctors, and taught about the kingdom using comparisons to mustard seed and yeast - small things with a great influence.  When Jerusalem rejected Him, Jesus mourned over the blessings that the city had forfeited.

Luke 10 - 11

Jesus commissioned His disciples to go into the neighboring cities and preach in the manner He had taught them.  They returned after having a successful journey, and Jesus reminded them that the power for such accomplishments came solely from His Father in Heaven.  He then instructed about eternal life and acting neighborly to one another.  In response to a request from His followers, Jesus taught how to pray - how to communicate with God in a manner that is both reverent and productive.  Several other parables were given to illustrate the dynamics of His coming kingdom.

Luke 8 - 9

Jesus continued teaching and aiding those with whom He had contact.  His teaching style utilized parables - stories that communicated a deeper meaning than just the story line.  He illustrated the coming kingdom by telling stories about soil and lamps.  After calming a storm and expelling demons from a possessed man, he healed a woman and raised a dead girl to life.  There was no power natural or supernatural that posed a difficulty to Jesus' power.  Jesus dispersed His disciples to reach a larger audience, and fed a crowd of over 5,000 in the process.  He continued to lecture and instruct His disciples, teaching them about true discipleship and greatness.  He did begin to tell His followers about His soon-to-occur death, but those who heard Him were too distracted by all the wonders their eyes were seeing to fully grasp what they were being told.

Luke 6 - 7

Note:  The blog posts were missing last week due to technical difficulties with the internet connection (translation:  a 20-year old wire decided to give out).  Posts resume beginning today!


Jesus and His followers are taken to task by the religious leaders because their actions do not fit with what the leaders expected would please God.  Jesus reminds the leaders that God is more pleased with our attitudes that lead to actions than with our actions that are not motivated by any loving attitudes.  Jesus then selects 12 of His followers to be intimately involved in His teaching - they become His disciples.  Jesus begins to instruct them carefully and fully about His expectations, teachings, and the rules of conduct they would be expected to live by.  He encounters the sick, the dead, the questioning, the critics and the admirers - and interacts with each group in a way that demonstrates not only a firm grasp of what God has commanded and expects, but does so in a loving and gracious way.  Along the way, He teaches His disciples about forgiveness.

Matthew 27 - 28

Jesus was led from the gathering of religious leaders to the office of the Roman governor in Jerusalem, Pontius Pilate.  Judas, seeing all that transpired, regretted his decision to turn Jesus over to the authorities and tried to rectify the situation.  This was not possible, and Judas, distraught over the events, took his own life.  Jesus, meanwhile, was questioned by the governor and found to be innocent of any formal charge.  In an attempt to release Jesus, the people call for a notorious terrorist to be freed instead - they want to see Jesus executed.  The people's wishes are eventually granted and Jesus is beaten, led to the place of execution, and put on a cross to die for His claims to deity.  After His death, His body was buried in a sealed tomb to prevent a grave robbery that would further His followers claims to His supernatural ability.  In spite of the guard's presence, Jesus rose Himself from the dead and appeared to His followers, instructing them to teach others about Him and His teachings.

Matthew 25 - 26

Jesus continues to stress the necessity of preparation for the coming kingdom of heaven.  Those who are ready will be welcomed in, while those who delay or think they are 'well enough' prepared will be disappointed.  Because of His teaching and popularity, the religious leaders of the land plotted to put Jesus to death.  They would not, however, attempt this during the feast celebration, since the thronging crowds in the city would back the popular preacher and prophet.  Judas, one of Jesus' closest followers, becomes upset with Jesus' methods and arranges with the leaders to set up a time and place where Jesus can be quietly arrested.
Jesus and His disciples celebrate the Passover feast together, after which Judas leads the religious leaders to the spot in a quiet garden setting where Jesus has gone to pray.  Jesus is arrested and brought before the Jewish legislation and accused of blasphemy (speaking against God).  Peter follows at a distance, is recognized but denies any association with the teacher from Nazareth.

Matthew 23 - 24

Jesus warns His followers about the false religiosity of the Pharisees, who made a show of their worship to gain the attention and favor of men.  In doing so, they actually made the God they claimed to worship less attractive to those not rightly related to Him.  They had reduced the worship and praise of Almighty God to a grocery list of do's and don't's, rituals and regulations.  The holy city of Jerusalem, instead of welcoming His arrival, rejected their promised Messiah when He arrived.  As a result, the temple and the land would be destroyed and the people scattered.  Jesus' followers ask when these events will occur and Jesus takes time to discuss with them events as they would unfold in the future.  Some events would occur rather soon, others have yet to occur.  The question is not so much "What is going to happen and when?" as it is "Am I prepared if these events occurred today?"

Matthew 13 - 14

Jesus instructed His followers in parable, a teaching tool that sounds like a story, but contains rich truths about other subjects on more careful consideration.  Those not looking for deeper meaning would hear an interesting story.  Those considering carefully what Jesus was saying would hear the great truths simply explained in a memorable way.  Jesus used this teaching method to instruct His followers about the coming kingdom ruled by God.  His teaching became so popular that many thought He was a reincarnation of John, who had been executed by Herod.  Jesus, however, was NOT a reincarnation; He and John were seen together many times.  Jesus did continue to demonstrate His power by proving that natural laws were no match for Him.  He fed 5,000 people with only a boy's small lunch, walked on water and healed many.  Jesus was a man, but so much more than a man!

Matthew 10 - 12

Jesus authorized twelve of His followers to represent Him in the land.  These disciples were given authority over unclean spirits and disease so that the miracles Jesus performed would also be accomplished by these men.  They were carefully instructed regarding their mission, what to expect, how to conduct themselves and the repercussions of their teaching ministry. Sending them out, Jesus continued to teach and preach on His own as well.  John, who had been baptizing prior to Jesus' ministry sent his followers to inquire about his authority.  Jesus proved to them that he was indeed the One John foretold.  In spite of clear evidence supporting His claims, many in Jesus' day refused to acknowledge His position.  Several cities in particular were outspoken in their rejection of Jesus, and they received a promise of strict judgment as a result.  When controversy arose (have you ever known a public figure that wasn't connected in some way to a rumor?) Jesus very succinctly set the record straight and when His detractors would not drop the matter, instead trying to escalate the furor, Jesus simply removed Himself from the situation.  The other religious leaders attempted many times to catch Jesus in His words or teachings, but He was always able to provide a very brief, clear and accurate statement verifying that what He said and taught was indeed in keeping with God's laws and commands.

Matthew 8 - 9

After delivering His sermon on the mountain, Jesus began demonstrating His power not only to teach but to heal.  He healed a leper, a centurion's son, and Peter's mother-in-law - proving His power was not limited by diagnosis, distance or disease.  His power over the elements of nature was also displayed as He calmed a storm that frightened even the seasoned sailors of the company.  His power over supernatural elements was shown as He cast demons out of a possessed man and into a herd of swine.  His power over sin was proven as He healed a paralyzed man.  Indeed it would have been easier to say nothing about his physical condition, but Jesus healed him to show that He also had power to heal spiritually.  Jesus was in the restoration business!  He restored health, He restored life, He restored sight, He restored speech, He restored purpose and dignity to a member of the lowest social stratus.  Above all, He restored hope and trust in His Father and encouraged others to serve the Father as well.

Matthew 1 - 7

Matthew begins his biography of Jesus by giving his genealogy, proving Him to be the Son of David and Son of Abraham.  His birth account was in keeping with the predictions made centuries ago by the prophet Isaiah, and was attested to by the appearance of the wise men soon after His birth.  Escaping the murderous plot of King Herod by fleeing to Egypt (again, in fulfillment of prophesy), Jesus grew up in the Galilean town of Nazareth.  During that time, a prophet named John began preaching a message of repentance in connection with Isaiah's prophecies of the voice in the wilderness preparing the way for the Lord.  Jesus was baptized by John and tempted by Satan before beginning His public ministry in and around Israel.  The message He preached was the same as John's:  repent for the kingdom of heaven is at hand.  After calling a group of disciples to Himself, He began teaching in Galilee.  His teaching - which carried more authority to His hearers than the teachings of the priests and Pharisees - centered upon the proper application of God's laws to not only a person's actions, but their attitudes as well.

Romans 8 - 10

Paul reminds his readers that those to whom God has given Christ's righteousness no longer face the threat of His condemnation.  They are free from the convicting influence of His law, while still bound by the controlling influence of His law.  They still follow His commands, but are not condemned for failure to live up to them.  The debt owed is not to the flesh or the law, but to the One who freed us from the law.  Our identification with Him will bring its own troubles and persecutions, but God is able to use even the difficulties of life to bring about ultimate good as He defines it.  With Him at work, what enemy should rightly be feared?  Nothing will separate us from His great love.  Paul's desire is for all to know God in this manner, yet not all do.  God uses even their rejection of Him to highlight His great mercy, grace, and goodness as He takes those unworthy to be His and makes them His own.  He does this through the transforming power of His Word (both the written word and the incarnate Word).  Those who take His Word find Him to be totally truthful.

Romans 4 - 7

Paul continues to explain to the Roman believers how God's righteousness is given and not earned.  He states the case of Abraham who was declared righteous by God apart from any work he had performed.  This righteousness is not transmitted via a ritual like circumcision or any other ritual, but merely by faith.  This steadfast dependence on God to perform what cannot be merited or earned is what demonstrates God's grace in declaring such a one righteous.  This imputed righteousness gives peace in times of trouble and comfort in times of distress.  Our standing with God is not dependent upon our outward circumstances.  Every person is born without this righteousness and is in need of God's transforming work.  Nevertheless, Jesus Christ proved to be a righteous man by living a life that was sinless and then sacrificially gave that life as the full payment price for sin's debt.  It is His death that qualifies individuals to be recipients of God's grace.  His life, death, and resurrection breaks the power of the law to condemn and enslave.  Because of Jesus, the law and sin do not have to be life's controlling factor.

Romans 1 - 3

Paul writes to the believers in Rome, thanking them for their bold witness to their city.  The reputation of these followers of Christ had reached around the Empire.  Paul's desire was to visit these saints and encourage their walk with God.  The city did not deter him, he was ready to preach the life-altering message of the gospel to them and their city.  The gospel message was clear:  man had violated a holy God's righteous laws and stood inexcusable before Him.  Whether they had committed the actions themselves or approved of those who engaged in such heinous practices, they were guilty.  It was not a matter of keeping the law, for the law only showed where it had been violated.  It was not a matter of nationality, for both Jew and Gentile were guilty before God.  It was not a matter of identification, for those both circumcised and uncircumcised were guilty.  The only group that had an advantage were those who took God's side of the issue and accepted His verdict of guilt as true and correct.  These are they who turn to a holy God and ask for His divine grace and mercy to be extended.  His righteousness is granted by faith in Jesus Christ's redemptive work of propitiation.  Righteousness, then, is not something personally achieved but is something individually granted to us by God.

2 Corinthians 10 - 13

Paul writes about the reality of the warfare in which he is engaged.  It is not against people, per se, but against spiritual forces that try to destroy him.  Because of this spiritual battle, he urges his friends in Corinth to not judge things merely by outward appearance.  Yes, his writings sound severe but they originate from a heart of compassion and concern for his friends and brothers in the faith.  His desire is that they continue to display faithfulness to the Lord.  He may not be the best or most eloquent apostle, but God is the One Whom he wants them to follow.  There is much about which Paul could boast, but it would not be profitable.  The glory belongs to God Who gives strength in times of weakness, not to the believer who is made strong to overcome.  Paul will come to see the church, if God will allow.  He ends his letter by reminding them of God's great love and grace towards them all.

1 Corinthians 12 - 14

Paul reminds the church in Corinth that they are a unified body, with skills and abilities that complement one another. Not all will have the same function, and not all will have the same amount of ability, but all are important to the proper functioning of their church.  The overriding principle is the exercise of love.  Regardless of the specific ability or gift they may have, it is to be used in love for the good and benefit of others in the body.  Those who speak on behalf of God must do so in a way that can be clearly understood and with the expected result of growth and maturity.  The gift of speaking on God's behalf is not for self-benefit, but for the maturity, encouragement and spiritual benefit of others.  The entire structure of the church's gatherings are to focus on this one point:  the instruction and encouragement of one another in light of what God has done and Who God is.

1 Corinthians 9 - 11

Paul continued to instruct the Corinthian church about their habits of living.  He had set an example for them of self-denial and asked that they consider one another and adopt a similar stance regarding what they "could and should" do.  The focus is not so much on the particular activity as it is on serving one another in a way God would favor.  Paul brought out examples of this type of living by reminding them of the Hebrews in the wilderness.  They shared many things in common, yet displeased God with their focus on their own appetites and activities. The Corinthian believers would be wise to set aside their idolatrous items as well, so that whatever they did would bring glory only to God.
Paul is merely asking them to imitate his imitation of Christ.  Whether it be in modesty or in fellowship with one another, the focus is on Christ and His sacrifice not me and my liberty.

1 Corinthians 5 - 8

Paul begins addressing a serious issue in the Corinthian church - a man who has carried on an adulterous relationship with his step-mother.  Rather than deal with this grievous sin, the church had taken no action, choosing to celebrate their tolerance.  Paul has no desire for tolerance concerning sin!  He commands the church to deal with sin as the serious and sobering offense against God that it is.  This church member needed to demonstrate with his life that God had made a difference.  In this specific area, God's glory was not being seen and he needed to bring his actions in line with God's commands.
Others in the church were using the state legal system to resolve their conflicts with one another.  Paul was aghast; certainly those who have experienced God's reconciliation should be able to mirror that grace and mercy to others.  Just because they could use the legal system does not mean that they should have been using it for those purposes.
Paul addresses marriage issues within the church.  Those who were married were to stay married; those who were single and happy to be so should stay single; those who were single and wanting to marry should marry.  God has called each person to their marital status and each should rejoice in that without making those of other marital statuses feel lesser.
The matter of conscience is also addressed.  Matters in which differing opinions exist should be handled in such a way that neither side becomes a distraction to the character development of the other.

1 Corinthians 1 - 4

Paul writes to the believers gathered in the city of Corinth.  He is thankful for the grace of God that has been realized and experienced by them.  He expresses concern that they are not as united as they should be.  Some cliques had developed among them, petty arguments over the superiority of one leader over another.  Paul reminds the church that the leader is not important; the gospel preached by the leader is, and all the leaders they were giving allegiance preached the same gospel.  They were united and should act that way!  Their allegiance should belong first, foremost and finally to the Lord Who saved them.  Such unity would be a mark of their maturity.  Instead, their cliques were a testimony to their delayed spiritual development.  They were being influenced by these great leaders, not to build the reputation of the leader, but to be displayed as God's building.
Paul's personal desire for himself was to earn the title "faithful."  His work was focused so that he would earn this accolade not from his friends or the members of the churches he started, but from God.  The church in Corinth needed to remember their importance came from a right relationship to Christ, not from a loyalty oath to a church leader.

Scheduling Conflicts

As the pastor (and entire pastoral staff) of a church in California, one of my duties is to make sure that events don't conflict on the church calendar.  By the grace of God, only once has the schedule clashed so grievously that I had to scramble fast to avoid a basketball tournament and a volleyball tournament from taking place on the same gym floor.  One lesson I have learned is that promotion is key.  The event needs to be talked about and talked up - for at least 6 weeks - if there is to be any significant response.  Everything from church dinners to youth activities, service projects to seasonal programs needs at least six weeks advance notice.  With bigger events (summer camp, mission trips, extended leaves of absence, etc.)  a full year is not out of the question.  If an event is worth setting aside time to attend, notice must be given!

Why, then, do so many churches and para-church organizations send out notices of their conferences, seminars, meetings, and retreats within one week of their occurrence?  I'm glad these groups are doing exciting things.  But, to tell me 72 hours ahead of time makes me think that either:

• a) I'm not that important to you, 
• b) you really don't expect or want me to attend, 
• c) you haven't put much effort into it and maybe I'll be impressed with the glitzy announcement and wish I could go, knowing I can't come see what a debacle it really is, or 
• d) some combination of the above.  

I'm not sure which is worse - getting information about an out-of-state conference that I wish I could attend or getting information about an in-state conference I really would have attended if only I had known.

Will Dudding did an excellent job advertising the Expositor's Conference held at the church he shepherds in the California Bay Area.  I think he was announcing the event 6 - 8 months ahead of time.  Every 3 - 6 weeks another reminder would come.  By the time I attended, I was ready and excited to see what had been prepared and promoted ... and I was not disappointed.  He already has information for next year's conference!  By contrast, a postcard came across my desk this afternoon advertising another local church's special meetings which will be held October 10 - 13.  The theme looks interesting, the speaker appears to be engaging; but my calendar is set.

So, do me a favor:  while you are promoting your events within your church, think of those of us who might also be interested and let us know with enough time to make arrangements to come.  You might be surprised at just how many show up!

Galatians 1 - 3

Paul writes to the Galatian church to encourage them not to abandon the gospel of Jesus Christ.  This news is divinely given, not the fabrication of man's imagination, and is transformational to those who receive it.  Paul gives examples from his own life of the transformation he experienced.  The power of the gospel transformed thought as well as action.  The rituals once looked to for acceptance into the group of "God's people" were no longer depended upon for admission.  Those who sought to return to following the law as the standard for acceptance with God were corrected harshly so that the bountiful grace of God might be mightily displayed.
This is what concerned Paul - someone had turned the Galatian's thoughts to following the law rather than relying on the grace of God for their standing before Him.  Paul reminds the church that those who seek to follow the law will always be condemned by it, since that is how it functions.  Christ, however, came to remove the condemnation of the law by becoming condemned in our place.  Since the law condemns all, Jesus' provision is available to all, and is able to make those under its influence sons and heirs of God.

James 1 - 5

James, the half-brother of Jesus and leader of the Jerusalem church, writes a letter to those believers scattered by the early persecutions centering in Jerusalem.  He reminds them that the times of testing they face will prove their faith in God to be sufficient and completing in their life.  When the temptation to do wrong presents itself, one should not give in to those deadly desires but be reminded of the multitude of gifts given by the Father of lights Who does not change.  His Word is to have an effect on life - not just on the ears; it will produce a life that does not show favoritism, that shows concern for others, that speaks wisely and encouragingly to others.  This life is characterized by wisdom and a preference for others' wishes above their own.  Such a humble life will be charitable in dealing with those who err, and will simply look to the future as a gift from God's hand rather than the outcome of predictable forces.  Those who choose to live this way will escape the judgment faced by those who oppress and act judgmentally toward others.  Instead, they will patiently wait for their time of reward determined by the Lord. Meanwhile, they will occupy themselves with assisting others in whatever way they can.

2 Chronicles 35 - 36

King Josiah prepared and observed the Passover celebration as a national worship service to God.  He went to great personal expense to ensure that all in the nation had a suitable sacrifice to offer.  This was the most elaborate Passover observance since the days of Samuel - no other king had celebrated to the extent that Josiah did.  King Josiah died in battle against the king of Egypt and was replaced by his son Jehoahaz - who only reigned 3 months before being replaced by the Egyptians with his brother Jehoiakim.
Jehoiakim was an evil man who was captured by king Nebuchadnezzar and replaced by his son Jehoiachin who was taken to Babylon after 3 months and 10 days.  Jehoiachin was replaced by his brother Zedekiah.  Zedekiah, an evil king, mocked the things of God until there was nothing left for God to do but allow His people to be taken into Babylonian exile.
For seventy years the land lay unoccupied by the Jewish nation until Cyrus, king of Persia, decreed that the exiles might return.

2 Chronicles 33 - 34

King Hezekiah's son, Manasseh assumed the throne at the age of 12.  Due to his early beginning, his 55-year reign had potential to be a great force for good. However, Manasseh was not inclined to follow the Lord the way his father had done.  He went to great lengths to undo the reforms of his father and enticed the nation to become more steeped in the religious cultures of the surrounding civilizations.  After God brought him into peril and he was deported to Babylon, Manasseh repented and God restored him to his kingdom.  He then instituted sweeping reforms and returned the nation back to worshiping God singularly.  His son (Amon) who succeeded him did not continue these reforms and only ruled two years before his servants conspired against him and installed his son, Josiah as king.
Josiah became king at the age of 8 and reigned for 31 years in a manner that pleased the Lord.  He instituted massive reforms and sought to bring the nation back to a correct worship and understanding of the God of David.  In these reforms, the temple was renovated and the book of the Law was discovered (how had it gone missing?).  Josiah and the high priest, Hilkiah, restored true and proper worship to the land after hearing all that God had commanded.

2 Chronicles 22 - 24

After Jehoram died (by the way, no one was sorry to see him die, either - how's that for a wicked king?) his youngest son, Ahaziah, was made ruler of the nation.  He ruled for only one year and was executed in the sweeping reforms of Jehu.  With no one set to take over Ahaziah's reign, his mother (Jehoram's wife) assumed the throne and executed all the other heirs to the throne.  One son (an infant in his first year of life) was preserved and hidden in the temple for 6 years.  When the young heir reached the age of seven, the priests staged a coup over the queen and installed young Joash as king.  Joash did what was right in God's eyes and enjoyed a forty-year reign.  He renovated the temple and repaired the building from the destruction wrought by the former queen.  When Joash's mentor, the priest Jehoiada, died at the age of 130, Joash began to stray from following God exclusively.  He began to lead the people into synchronistic worship of God and other deities.  Ultimately, Joash executed one of Jehoiada's sons for speaking out to the king and calling him back to worshipping God alone.  Joash died after a small group of Syrians stormed Jerusalem and left him severely wounded.  Joash's own servants finished the execution of the king because of his orders to kill the priest's sons.  Joash's son, Amaziah, ruled after his father's death.

2 Chronicles 19 - 21

King Jehoshaphat was chastened for his alliance with Ahab, and set about bringing the people of Judah back to following God's laws.  When an alliance of nations threatened to attack Judah, Jehoshaphat begged God to take action in defense of His people.  God's message to the king and nation was this: "Do not be afraid.  Prepare to see what your God will do."  As the people sang in anticipation of the victory, God sent confusion to the invading armies and they slaughtered one another.  After reigning for 25 years, Jehoshaphat was succeeded by his son, Jehoram, who did not follow his father's example of leadership.  Instead, he was greatly influenced by the leadership styles and worship practices of the wicked kings of Israel.  The prophet Elijah pronounced God's judgment upon the king for his wickedness.  Jehoram's reign was a short one, due to the fatal intestinal disease that God brought upon him in judgment.

2 Chronicles 15 - 18

Good king Asa began making religious reforms in the land, ridding Judah and Benjamin of the false idols and restoring the altars to the Living God.  The nation gathered for a solemn assembly where they entered into a covenant to only follow God.  His reforms included removing his own mother from a position of power due to her inclination to follow false idols.  When the king of Israel attempted to attack Jerusalem, Asa formed a treaty with Syria for protection rather than rely on God as his deliverer.  Because of this, Asa would face many wars for the rest of his reign.  After his forty-one year reign, Asa died and was succeeded by his son, Jehoshaphat.
Jehoshaphat was a good king, following in the steps of his father and not pursuing the false gods of the surrounding nations.  He sent teachers throughout his kingdom to teach the nation about God and His expectations.  God caused the neighboring nations to not make war against Jehoshaphat - making him a very powerful king.  Eventually, he was allied (by marriage) to Ahab, king of Israel.  While at a royal summit meeting, a decision is needed concerning battle with the Syrians.  Only one prophet, Micaiah, is bold enough to faithfully represent God's wishes and warns Ahab not to go into battle.  Ahab refuses to listen and dies in the ensuing battle with the Syrians.

2 Chronicles 11 - 14

Solomon's son, Rehoboam, prepared to lead the tribes of Judah and Benjamin in battle against the other 10 tribes; but God stopped his actions and the battle never occurred.  Rehoboam strengthened the cities he controlled, the priests and Levites moved south to join with the king (the rebel leader - Jereboam - had refused to acknowledge their position as priests), and began establishing his kingdom among the two tribes loyal to him.  Egypt attacked this southern kingdom and carried away many of the treasures Solomon had amassed.  Rehoboam's seventeen-year reign ended and his son, Abijah, ruled for three years.  Abijah attempted to reunite the separated tribes, but Jereboam set an ambush to attack.  God favored Judah and allowed Jereboam to suffer a great defeat, losing his own life in the process.  After Abijah's death, Asa ruled over a decade-long period of civil rest.

1 Chronicles 28 - 29

Solomon is formally and publicly given the responsibility to build the temple.  His father, David, carefully lays out the building plan:  love God and follow His directions.  He also gives a detailed blueprint for the temple construction that Solomon would follow meticulously.  The people gave funds to construct the temple; David rejoiced to see what God was continuing to do among the nation; Solomon was anointed as king; and David died and was buried.

1 Chronicles 26 - 27

The Levitical gatekeepers and other officials are named and assigned.  Leaders of the military and civil leaders are also assigned their duties.  Even the counselors and royal agronomists were called out by name.  There were many tasks involved in running a kingdom, and David takes time to list them all.

1 Chronicles 24 - 25

Editorial note:  I have been away from computer access for the last week or so.  If you have missed these posts, that is the reason.  If you didn't miss them ... how are you reading this now?


David, nearing the end of his life, divides the Levitical priests (descendants of Aaron) into groups so that their areas of service may be assigned.  Twenty-four groups were made to serve the house of the Lord.  Others were tasked with the responsibilities of providing the music for the national worship services.  Twenty-four groups of musicians were assigned as well.

Nehemiah 9 - 11

The nation, having heard God's Law read to them, spent a prolonged period of time confessing their sins and making restitution to God for their offenses.  They poured out a prayer of praise, confession and expressed a desire to make things right and keep them right.  They swore a solemn oath to walk according to God's Law - specifically in regards to their national identity.  They would keep themselves a separate group to show God's holiness, they would honor God by offering him the best of their efforts, and they would care for the house of God.  The land was divided so that the nation could begin repopulating the neglected cities and outlying areas around Jerusalem.

Nehemiah 7 - 8

Once the gates were hung on the city walls, Nehemiah transferred the governance of the city to Hanani - the man who had informed him of the condition initially.  The people were counted and their family genealogy confirmed so that the priests could serve.  Ezra then assembled the people together so that the Law could be read and explained to them.  The response Nehemiah prompted from the nation was one of consecration and dedication to the Lord's holiness.  They were to rejoice for the opportunity to hear and understand God's law.  The Feast of Tabernacles was then observed.

Nehemiah 4 - 6

Nehemiah faces opposition to his rebuilding efforts, yet is able to secure the project and see it through to completion.  The secret, he reveals, is that the people had a mind to work.  Think about that, the people wanted to see the task through to completion as much as Nehemiah did; they just needed someone to direct their efforts.  The desire was there, Nehemiah just needed to focus it in productive directions.  The opponents surrounding him were sending messages of distress, rebellion, falsehood and threats.  Nehemiah kept the eyes of the people on the task before them and - at the end of the project - it was known far and wide that God had done the work.  The credit belonged to God alone.

Nehemiah 1 - 3

Nehemiah, a servant of king Artaxerxes, hears from a relative about the sad state of the city of Jerusalem.  The walls are destroyed, the gates burned and the city in shambles.  He prays about this situation and confesses to God that the city rightly deserves the punishment they have received.  He also asks God to allow him to be involved in rebuilding the city.  Nehemiah's position as cup-bearer to the king allowed him unprecedented access to the sovereign in order to ask for such a responsibility.  The king grants Nehemiah a leave of absence and provides letters of passage for Nehemiah.
On arriving in Jerusalem, Nehemiah personally surveys the damage and required repairs.  He then gathers men together and unites them for the task of rebuilding the walls.  Neighboring cities and factions try to derail Nehemiah's attempts but the people took personal ownership of the task and were diligent in their work.

Ezra 8 - 10

The leaders of the nation's worship gathered together for a time of prayer and preparation.  Gifts would be carried to the city of Jerusalem and they were carefully weighed out and protected so that none could charge Ezra or his men with embezzlement.  Upon their return it is discovered that many of the citizens have married members of the pagan nations around them.  Proper confession is made and relationships are made right so that God may be honored.

Ezra 6 - 7

King Darius sent letters to the neighboring nations asking for their assistance in supplying materials for the temple.  The project was completed, the temple dedicated and the Passover celebrated.  Ezra returned to Jerusalem and met with the leaders of Jerusalem to begin the renewed worship of the nation.

Ezra 3 - 5

The people return from exile and begin the work of rebuilding the temple.  Those who remembered the former glory and beauty of Solomon's temple wept at the obvious lack of opulence found in this new structure.  Resistance was encountered, as those around the returned nation tried to discourage the building efforts.  Letters were sent to the king charging the returnees with insubordination.  The king's response was terse - those in the land were building at his command.  The building project resumed and progress continued to be made.

Ezra 1 - 2

King Cyrus of Persia decreed (as God said he would) that the exiled Hebrews be allowed to return to their land and build a house of worship to their God.  Many made preparation to return while others gave of their own goods to supply the many needs.  The articles taken from the temple by Nebuchadnezzar were also returned to be taken back.  Forty-two thousand three hundred sixty Hebrews, plus their servants and livestock, volunteered to make the trip back to Jerusalem.

Daniel 11 - 12

Daniel continues receiving instruction about future world developments.  As events unfold, great powers concentrate their energies and attention on the small nation of Israel.  Even in Daniel's future, God will prove to have maintained His chosen people.  All will unfold according to God's plans and in His timing.  Daniel asks for the specific timing of these events and is answered in a less than clear way.  God wants Daniel to understand that He has a plan for everything that will happen; but the timing and exact details will remain hidden from many.  Daniel is encouraged to remain faithful; there is a promised inheritance waiting for him.

Daniel 9 - 10

Through his own study of God's word, Daniel discovers that the time of Israel's exile is drawing to an end.  His immediate response is to pray for his people, that God would treat them favorably and restore them to their promised land.  While he is praying, the angel Gabriel arrives and announces further happenings in the nation's future.  Instead of 70 years of exile, Gabriel speaks of 70 'weeks' that will culminate in Messiah's arrival, removal and restoration.  During another period of revelation, Daniel is instructed about the coming futures of Persia and the Greek Empire.

Daniel 7 - 8

During Belshazzar's reign, Daniel has a vision of four beasts that does not seem to make any sense to him.  God allows him to understand the meaning of his dream.  Daniel has dreamed about 4 great kings that would rule the earth.  Their kingdoms and ruling habits are described so that Daniel can see that God will continue to preserve His people throughout time.  Daniel later sees another vision that corresponds to this first one.  Again, God reveals that throughout time He will control nations and preserve His people.

Daniel 5 - 6

Another king, Belshazzar (Nebuchadnezzar's descendant), decides to throw a feast in order to boast of his own accomplishments.  To accentuate the party, he brings the items taken from the temple in Jerusalem to be used as common vessels of dining.  A mysterious hand appears and writes on the wall of the banquet hall.  Daniel is consulted, and a translation provided:  God has found Babylon lacking and has given her over to the Medes and Persians.  That same night Belshazzar died and was replaced by Darius the Mede.
Life under the Medes and Persians was different.  Their laws were not easily changed and never broken.  One law was enacted, requiring all subjects to pray only to the king for 30 days.  This law was established so that those in leadership could oust Daniel from his higher position - the only 'flaw' they could find was his devotion in worship.  Daniel refused to change his prayer habits, was thrown into a den of lions (at the age of 80+!) and miraculously preserved by God.  King Darius, learning of the plot, threw the plotters into the den after retrieving Daniel and found that the plotters did not enjoy the same level of divine protection. 

Daniel 3 - 4

King Nebuchadnezzar is not satisfied to have his kingdom described as a "head of gold" and the rest of the statue (seen in his dream) being comprised of inferior metals and components.  He has a statue of himself constructed that is made entirely of gold - signifying his belief that Babylon will always rule the world stage.  Instructions are given for the entire population to gather for the unveiling of the statue and to reverence it at the appropriate time.  All comply, except for Daniel's three friends who are thrown into a furnace designed to destroy them.  God miraculously saves these three Hebrew children and shows the king once again that He is more powerful than any ruler on earth.  The king has another dream that Daniel interprets for him.  The king needed to beware of pride, as it would cripple him.  The king ignored this warning, boasted of his accomplishments and lost his sanity and understanding until such time as he would acknowledge God's supreme and sovereign rule over nations.

Daniel 1 - 2

The nation of Israel is raided by the Babylonians during the reign of Jehoiakim.  Many of the noble families in the nation had their children taken from them and relocated into Babylon.  Among these expatriates was a young man named Daniel.  Despite the efforts of the Babylonians to replace Jewish culture with their own, Daniel and his three friends refused.  By following God's instructions and humbly requesting the privilege to do so, they prove to be wiser and in better condition than their counterparts.  When the king has a dream that none can interpret, it is Daniel who gives God glory for interpreting the dream.  The king has dreamed about the future governments of the world; this accomplishment promotes Daniel and his three friends even higher in the ranks of government.

Esther 7 - 10

During the second banquet, the king asks queen Esther to make a request as she obviously wishes to do.  Esther humbly and graciously asks that her life be spared since her people have been given up to be annihilated.  The king demands to know who has planned such an atrocity against the queen and his identification is quickly revealed:  Haman.  As the king ponders what to do, Haman pleads for his life - so dramatically that when the king returns and finds Haman clinging to Esther, he interprets it as an assault on the queen herself.  The gallows Haman had constructed upon which to execute Mordecai are pressed into service and the man who commissioned them is put to death upon them.  Esther receives the house of Haman as an inheritance; Mordecai is promoted within the palace; and the Jews are legally enabled to defend themselves against the coming assault on them that Haman had plotted.  In the ensuing battle, the sons of Haman are eliminated, the Jews slaughter those who rise against them, and a feast is established (Purim) to commemorate all that has transpired in the preservation of God's people.  Mordecai continues to advance in the kingdom and is second only to the king throughout the empire.

Esther 4 - 6

Mordecai, learning of the plot against his people, went into a period of mourning, then approached his niece, the queen Esther, and begged her to take this matter before the king - since an attempt on Jewish lives would affect the new queen as well.  Esther invites the king and Haman to a private dinner, and during the dinner invites them to another feast the following day.  Haman can hardly believe the honor he is receiving; but it is spoiled when he sees Mordecai still serving in the palace.  During the night between banquets, the king cannot sleep and is reminded of the assassination plot uncovered by Mordecai.  Learning that nothing has been done to formally honor him, the king tasks Haman with parading Mordecai through the streets announcing the great favor of the king upon Mordecai.  At the depth of Haman's humiliation, he is whisked away to the second of Esther's banquets.

Esther 1 - 3

King Ahasuerus of the Persian empire was a proud and successful man.  While giving a feast to laud his accomplishments, he desired his queen, Vashti, to dance for the attendees.  She refused; and the king was forced into divorcing her and selecting a new queen.  A beauty contest of sorts was held throughout the land to choose this new queen.  Among the participants was a Jewish girl named Hadassah (she was also called Esther) whose uncle Mordecai worked at the royal palace.  Esther was made queen, Mordecai uncovered a plot to assassinate the king, and a man named Haman began to resent the preferential treatment he perceived Mordecai to be receiving.  Haman began to plot against the Jewish people as an effort to eliminate Mordecai.

Ecclesiastes 9 - 12

Solomon proclaims death to be the great equalizer and common denominator of life.  Rich, poor, mighty, weak, good and evil men all face death.  His advice is to live life joyfully while you are able to do so.  Wisdom will prove to be more valuable than strength; foolishness will be seen to be pointless and futile.  Life should be diligently used to bring profit to others; the best profit Solomon can find is knowing God from an early age - before the cares of life waste away one's time.  He summarizes the entire scope and goal of life as fearing God and keeping His commands.

Job 24 - 28

Job complains about the wickedness in the world.  The world is full of people who do evil and are able to prosper in spite of it.  God seems to have overlooked them; but in the end, He demonstrates His own magnificent power by destroying them.  Bildad asks how a person can then be considered righteous, to which Job responds with a discussion on man's inability to accomplish anything without God's mighty power behind him.  Job again commits himself to living a God-pleasing life that is centered around the wisdom found only in God.

Job 21 - 23

Job complains that his trouble is not with man, it is with God.  God seems to act arbitrarily from what Job has become accustomed to seeing.  It frustrates him and makes him question why his situation has occurred.  Eliphaz accuses Job of some hidden character flaw that God is bringing out into the open through these circumstances, and pleads with Job to stop hiding his sin and make things right.  Job responds that God knows all about Job's character; nothing has been hidden, all is plain to God and Job has not sinned.

Job 17 - 20

Job pleads for relief, yet does not seem able to acquire it.  Even death does not seem to hold out any promise for ease of suffering in his opinion.  Bildad asks when Job will stop insulting them and start listening to them.  He states that the foolish and wicked person are always pursued by evil and often ensnared by it.  Job's actions, in Bildad's opinion, are those of one who does not know God.  Job again states his belief in God, even though the circumstances he faces seem to fly in the face of that belief.  His trust will not be shaken.  Zophar delivers a speech about how God treats the wicked, as a warning to Job.

Job 14 - 16

Job states that no existence is preferable to one in which God does not make sense to him.  Eliphaz, one of the friends, accuses Job of acting foolishly.  He has made some bold statements and must not assume that he fully knows God.  Job finally confronts his friends with the truth:  they are lousy counselors!  He is finding no comfort in any of the words exchanged - either from he himself or from his friends.  Nothing brings relief from his suffering.

Job 10 - 13

Job is sure that if he had the opportunity to discuss his case with God that God would agree with Job's assessment of the situation.  Zophar, another of the friends, also urges Job to repent of whatever sin he is trying to hide from the companions.  Job is adamant, no matter what his friends may claim, he is not hiding nothing from his friends or from God.  He is innocent!  He asks that God either let him alone or explain why he is suffering.

Job 6 - 9

Job is convinced that his innocence is secure and his circumstances are not justified.  His life is a short and swift journey; and he complains that in his suffering there is no comfort or relief.


Bildad, another of Job's friends, suggests that Job's sons sinned and brought judgment upon themselves.  God does not hold anyone innocent who is deserving of punishment.  Job agrees, yet still maintains that he is innocent of any guilt or actions that may have brought punishment upon himself or his family.

Job 1 - 5

Job, a man of integrity, has his character tested to demonstrate the genuineness of his faith in God.  All his possession are removed in seemingly tragic manners; his flocks, herds, wealth, possessions and children are all destroyed in a single day.  His health deteriorates soon afterward, yet Job still clings to his faith in God as good.  Job claims that perhaps not having been born might have been better, but he does not accuse God of doing wrong in the matter.  Job's friends attempt to comfort this man who has been such a source of wisdom for others.  Eliphaz gently hints that perhaps Job has done wrong and is being punished.  If that is the case (and Job's situation certainly appears to be divine punishment) Job would be best served by confessing and throwing himself on God's merciful forgiveness.

Turning 28 today ...

No, I am not in denial about my age!  I am well aware of the fact that my chronological age adds another decade to the above total; yet today is what my friends have termed my "rebirth-day."  Twenty-eight years ago tonight, while attending summer camp in central Pennsylvania, a 10 year-old camper with a crew-cut admitted that God's provision of salvation was exactly what was needed to appropriate Christ's righteousness in place of my wretched sinfulness.  A student from Liberty College (now Liberty University) named John Michael Stover was present and instrumental in helping me understand not only the seriousness of my sin but the goodness and greatness of a holy God who offered Himself in my place.


There won't be any candles or cake to mark this day ... probably just this post.  But that day marked the beginning of a drastic change in my life - one that is continuing to this day and beyond.  Thank you, Lord, for saving my soul!  John, wherever you are, thank you for sharing the love of Christ with a bratty camp kid nicknamed "Fuzzy" - God is doing some interesting things with that boy.

Proverb 30 - 31

Agur contributes some pieces of wisdom, pointing out that without a knowledge of God relegates themselves to the classification of "fool."  It is God who gives wisdom and makes wisdom sensible.  Those who refuse to acknowledge God and His presence relinquish their ability to be called "wise."  God, in His wisdom, places things that are seemingly insignificant and small as those items which convey great truths about Himself.  King Lemuel adds that wisdom is found in one of God's greatest gifts - that of a virtuous and wise wife.  This industriously gracious lady is a contributing factor to her husband's welfare and wisdom.  She is deserving of honor for her wise actions.

Proverbs 27 - 29

Life is uncertain.  The wise person prepares for life based on principles that do not change.  A fool changes his mind and his decisions based on emotions that are never permanent.  The fool ignores warning signs to his own detriment.  The wise seeks to learn from every situation, even if not personally involved in the situation.  Life makes no sense to the fool, as they have no anchoring point for their world view.

Proverbs 24 - 26

The practices of the wise and foolish are again contrasted.  Again and again, the value and precious nature of wisdom are highlighted - in expectation that the student will embrace wisdom above all.  It is this wisdom that leads one to an understanding of God and His ways.  The wise one will not distort judgment or change the truth to favor a personal angle.  Wisdom is a resource sought out by kings and beggars alike; its value is high and its rarity makes it even more precious.  The wise man learns from his errors; the fool never does.

Proverbs 13 - 15

The benefits of wisdom continue to be delineated.  The wise person enjoys the fruit of their labor and is not afraid to do hard work to obtain it.  Wisdom allows patience for tasks that require time before they are fully realized.  The wise surround themselves with good counsel and companions to ensure that they are preserved in times of trouble and disappointment.  The wise person is continually building (relationships, friendships, etc.) so that a structure is in place for needed provision; yet does not take themselves too seriously - they know they do not have all the answers.  The wise person uses appropriate tactics and techniques to accomplish their objectives, never assuming or taking advantage of others.

Proverbs 10 - 12

Solomon speaks much of the connection between wisdom and integrity.  Wisdom allows one to lead a life that is unbroken at its core - a life of integrity.  The character of a wise man is well known - as are the character deficiencies of a foolish person.  While the fool suffers trouble and disaster, a wise man is able to weather those storms and emerge victorious, regardless of what may have been lost or destroyed in the process.  The wise seek out counsel and assistance from others, the fool consults himself and is proven to be in folly.  The life-paths of these individuals are clearly seen and greatly different from one another.

Proverbs 7 - 9

The wise person will not give in to the temptation of seduction.  The price is too high and the joy is too short-lived.  In contrast to the siren song of seduction, wisdom invites those who will respond to partake of her excellencies.  Wisdom is then personified and shown to be present at creation and other important stages of God's purposes for mankind.  Truly wisdom is the principal thing!

Proverbs 4 - 6

NOTE:  After a two-week hiatus (church camp with limited internet connection), Know~Be~Do resumes posting!


Solomon gives an inside look at life in the palace with King David as a father.  The instruction Solomon remembers most is David's recurring urging to 'get wisdom at all costs.'  The security and stability to be found in wisdom would far surpass other attractive options.  Small wonder that when given the opportunity to choose what God would give him, Solomon immediately asked for wisdom.  The wise heart will see through the beguiling qualities of those who only desire to destroy an individual.  A wise heart will refrain from immoral activity and unethical behavior.  The wise will be industrious in his work and a person of integrity in their conduct.

Psalm 74 - 77

The psalmist asks God for help against those who terrorize him.  God is asked to provide comfort and relief merely by demonstrating His presence.  God's past actions give the psalmist confidence that He is more than sufficient to the task.  God is praised for His actions proving His nearness and ability to deliver.  His fame is rightly spread throughout the nation.  He is the One who sustains and provides for His people.

Psalm 70 - 73

The Psalmist asks God to fill his thoughts and words with only praise of His glory.  What a theme upon which to focus one's day!  When personal strength fails, when reasonable expectations can no longer be met, when trouble surrounds and all others abandon - God is still glorious.  No wonder the psalmist asks "O God, who is like You?" because the answer is certainly 'No one.'  He is the King with the everlasting reign, the Judge with the always equitable verdict, the Sovereign deserving of all tribute, and the Beautiful One worthy of all adoration.  Indeed, God is good to His people.  It may not always appear to be so, when those who mock God seemingly prosper; but eternity will validate that temporal money is just that - temporal.  What really lasts is God's blessing.

Psalm 66 - 69

David instructs his readers to "bless our God, you peoples!  And make the voice of His praise to be heard." (66:8)  He lists the many mighty actions that God has undertaken to prove His power and position.  He allows life, discipline, preservation, and safety to be enjoyed.  In His mercy He judges the nations correctly.  In His power, He drives His enemies far away and brings their plans to failure.  He stoops to care for the orphaned and abandoned, yet shakes the earth with His footsteps toward the wicked.  He is the source of help in times of trouble, delivering those who call to Him from the depths of their despair.  His loving, mighty, merciful, gracious, just actions are cause for worship and celebration.

Psalm 58 - 65

David pleads with God for deliverance from his enemies.  He is quick to point out that his enemies are not pursuing him because of sin which should be punished, but because he is following God.  In this way, David is asking God to protect His own name and reputation.  The confidence displayed is not in personal strength but in the power of the Almighty who is his merciful defense.  When he does sin, David asks for God's forgiveness and restored favor so that he may once again rejoice in God who delivers and rescues.  David will not turn to other sources for protection; he will patiently wait on God to keep His promises in His timing.  It is God's presence that brings true joy and rejoicing - even when others are making life miserable, David knows surpassing calm and praises the One Who provides it.

Psalm 51 - 57

David pleads for God's forgiveness and the restoration of favor after committing sin.  Though others were involved, his main concern is the affront to God's holy character.  When others make their boast in their evil deeds, David looks at the goodness of God and wonders how anyone could doubt God's great and merciful goodness.  It is foolish indeed to deny God's presence and existence, for it is He Who delivers those in troublesome times.  Those who pray to Him find comfort, a listening ear and a powerful arm of provision.  Even when friends turn against David, he runs to the solace found in his God.  He does ask for relief from his situation and begs for safety from his foes, but his confidence in God is unshaken.

Psalm 46 - 50

The psalmist takes extreme delight in knowing God as his refuge and strength and comfort.  With His divine presence, fear is removed, nations are put into perspective, songs of joy are inspired and confidence is instilled.  Those who believe they can place their trust in other methods of provision or survival will be greatly disappointed.  God, the righteous Judge, is above His creation and does not need any provision from it for His own existence.  He is self-sufficient, lacking nothing.  This fact alone makes Him worthy of praise and worship.

Psalm 40 - 45

The psalmist simply and boldly declares that it is the LORD who has delivered him and given a standing upon solid ground.  Because of God's goodness in deliverance and preservation, the righteous can rest fully in God's ability to provide and sustain.  Because God's mercy is proven, the heart of the righteous longs after God and seeks His encouragement and comfort.  Since God fights the battles of the righteous, He can be trusted to protect and give shelter.

Psalm 36 - 39

According to these psalms, "the steps of a good man are ordered by the LORD."  The man whose trust is in God is able to be unafraid in the face of danger and turmoil, since God is capable of delivering him.  God would repay evil men for their misdeeds and would not forsake those who obeyed Him.

Psalm 32 - 35

The psalmist continues to rejoice in the safety and security found in his trust in the Lord Jehovah.  God's mighty power creates an environment where the righteous are protected and the wicked are brought to divine justice.  Strength does not come from the size of a standing army or the cunning of the commander; it is the nation whose God is the LORD that is blessed.

Psalm 26 - 31

The psalmist invites God's close examination, to prove his integrity.  What a request!  While one may acknowledge that God is all-knowing, it seems to increase the level of intensity by saying "God, since You know all about me, go ahead and poke around my life to prove what is true about me."  Perhaps it is this confidence in his trust in God that allows the psalmist to declare "With God as my Light and Salvation, what do I really need to fear?" as it is God's light that directs his path.  There is a confidence in God's ability to hear and answer prayer, a dependence on God's provision and healing capacity, a joy in God's attitude-lifting character that never disappoints those who place their confidence in Him.  He does what He does to build His own reputation, never to show how great, deserving or precious the object of His affection is.  He alone is great and worthy to be praised, loved, worshiped and adored.

Psalm 21 - 25

The psalmist praises God for His power.  That power is able to deliver kings and nations from destruction, able to deliver one from death and suffering, able to provide One Who will end death and suffering by His own death, able to meet the diverse needs of His diverse people, and able to redeem a people to Himself.  His power results in the entire earth being His created possession, and yet He qualifies sinful men to enjoy its pleasures by making them holy.  His power and majesty are dependable and will not disappoint those who trust in its Source.  This powerful God is accessible, not hidden away behind the machinations of the universe.  He reveals Himself powerfully and carefully to those willing to seek after Him.

Psalm 17 - 20

David states that God is worthy to be praised.  God demonstrates His worthiness by protecting the righteous from those who seek to destroy, by hearing those that are in distress, by delivering His people by extraordinary means, and by treating all people as individuals - not just with a broad brush.
God is worthy to be praised because He lives!  Those who serve Him have placed themselves under the authority and influence of a living deity Who demonstrates His power by creating all that is as a testimony of His greatness.  The challenge is given to find a place in the universe where His glorious power is not on display.  His words are delightful, energizing, potent, and valuable.  We serve a precious Master.

Psalm 9 - 16

Psalm 9:9 - 10 states that the Lord is a refuge for the oppressed; those who seek Him are not forsaken.  In times of trouble, when He seems far off, He is never really distant - only waiting for those who trust in Him to declare their faith and see its results.  None can oppress or intimidate the righteous, for they have Omnipotence as their defense.  The fool denies God's presence, yet the righteous abide in His presence, enjoying the joy and pleasure found in His sanctuary.

Psalm 1 - 8

"The Lord knows the way of the righteous, but the way of the ungodly shall perish."  This principle is proven over and again in these opening psalms.  God watches over the ungodly and sees their opposition to His Son.  He listens to those who call on His name.  He hears the cries of those in trouble and delivers the righteous from their enemies.  His power is further seen in all He has created.

Malachi

Malachi delivers a message to the nation that they have offended God.  Over and again, the nation's response is "There is no possible way we have behaved in that fashion." God pointedly states the case against His people, bringing exact evidence of their treachery against Him.  However, He does still have a remnant which will comprise His treasure in the day He establishes His kingdom.  They will flourish while all others perish.

Zechariah 8 - 14

God tells Zechariah about His plans for the future city of Jerusalem, the gathering point for the nations.  The city would be one of refuge for God's people, and one of attraction for the rest of the global community.  God's people would prosper once again and the reputation of His majesty and blessing would draw many to praise Him.  The nations that would raise themselves up against Israel would be soundly defeated.  The Promised Messiah King would arrive and bring salvation to His people, restoring Israel and Judah to their rightful places.  Zechariah assumes the role of a shepherd to illustrate how God's people had rejected His plan and His true Shepherd.  Because of this rejection, God's people would not deliver His people immediately, but would delay until a future point in time.  But He would deliver when the people realized their error and repented for piercing the One Who could deliver them.  At that point, God would restore the blessing to the land and avenge His enemies, providing a place of safety and security for His people.

Zechariah 1 - 7

Zechariah the priest prophecies during the reign of Persian king Darius.  God was still inviting those who would to return to Him.  Their evil ways would only bring destruction, and God offered restoration and forgiveness.  Those who had refused His offer in the past had met with destruction; why would the present outcome be any different?  Zechariah is told to declare God's zealous desire for Jerusalem's restoration.  God will measure out the city and bring its inhabitants into agreement with His commands.  The high priest is pictured as having his robes exchanged from filthy to clean - signifying that God would wash away the iniquity of the land.  If the nation would listen, they would be blessed beyond degree.  Zechariah sees a vision of a menorah with unlimited supply of oil, picturing the ever-present presence of God's Spirit with His people.  Further visions explain how God will accomplish His purposes throughout the earth.  God asks Zechariah to remind the nation that their fasting is good, but it would be better to obey the commands, rather than mourn and fast after breaking them.

Zephaniah, Haggai

Zephaniah, a descendant of King Hezekiah, delivered a message from God during the reign of King Josiah.  God's message was one of coming judgment.  A day was coming in which everything would be consumed by His wrath and judgment.  God would search out those who feared Him and spare them from the destruction that would face all others.  He graciously calls people to repentance and safety, stating that no place will provide refuge.  His own people have behaved wickedly and will be punished.  However, the faithful remnant would be restored and protected from harm.  While other nations feel God's wrath, His people will only hear God's voice singing lovingly to them.


Haggai delivers a message to those who have returned from exile.  The people had decided that their houses were more important to build than rebuilding the temple.  God invited them to reconsider this decision so that their land would return to a state of fruitfulness.  God encouraged His people to not despair.  While the rebuilt temple was not as magnificent as the previous one, God's presence was still with His people.  The people, unclean through their sinful practices, were encouraged to return to the Lord's favor and seek His forgiveness.  Zerubbabel was specially chosen as God's designated representative.

Nahum, Habakkuk 1 - 3

Nahum brings a message to the city of Nineveh, capital of the Assyrian empire.  They had repented under the preaching of Jonah; but had returned to their sinful ways.  God would not allow them to make a mockery of His merciful graciousness, and judgment would come to them.  Their nation would be completely destroyed and the nation of Israel would be completely restored.  While these events would not happen simultaneously, they would occur.  The destruction would occur because Nineveh had turned themselves against God; and none can ever stand in opposition to Him for too long.


Habakkuk, bringing his messages during the fall of the Assyrian Empire and the rise of the Babylonian Empire, asks the Lord how long His patience will endure.  Habakkuk had seen much injustice done to God's people and was eager to see those wrongs made right.  God's reply is simple:  within your lifetime events will occur that you would never have imagined, and it will point to God's great power.  God would raise up the Babylonians to punish the Assyrians.  Habakkuk wonders why God would use one ungodly nation to punish another; and is told that those who love and trust the Lord will live with faith that God will do all things rightly.  The wicked would not prosper and righteousness would prevail.  Habakkuk asks God to do all that He has determined to do, knowing that God will do what is right and that God can be trusted regardless of circumstances.

Obadiah; Jonah

Obadiah pronounces judgment on the nation of Edom, the descendants of Esau (Jacob's brother).  Although the nation of Israel would survive, the nation of Edom would be removed from the earth.


Jonah stands as a reminder that God will provide forgiveness and restoration to all who respond rightly to Him.  The nation of Assyria, especially its capital Nineveh, was spared from immediate destruction due to their repentance of sin and return to God.  Jonah, God's messenger, was quite perturbed at this aspect of God's faithfulness.  Although Jonah was not faithful, God was - and that is the main point of discussion!

Amos 6 - 9

God was serious in His intent to punish the sins of those who had neglected His commands.  He had set the standards, and would bring all nations into conformity to the guidelines He established. Those who would respond to Him would be restored to a state of experiencing God's blessing.

Amos 1 - 5

Amos, a sheep rancher, brings messages of God's coming judgment to the nation of Israel and other nations in the world.  Because of the sins of the nations, God would break them and cause them to cease being influential in the global community.  Syria, Philistia, Tyre, Edom, Ammon, Moab, Judah and Israel would all feel God's punishing force.  The perversions and atrocities committed by these people would not be forgotten or overlooked.  They had stretched God's patience to the limit and would now be punished.  God is still holy and would act in ways that declare His holiness.  Israel had not responded to correction in the past, so she would also be punished now.  Meanwhile, God was still offering forgiveness and calling His people to repent of their sin.  He begs for His people to once again seek Him before the Day of His Judgment arrives.

Joel

Joel describes the land as destroyed by locusts - a picture of the total destruction brought about by the enemies of Israel and Judah.  The nation is commanded to mourn for the destruction caused by their own sins and to ask God for forgiveness and restoration.  Joel then describes a coming judgment (called the Day of the LORD) in which total devastation is brought to bear on the enemies of God.  None will escape or endure it.  The only possible hope is repentance.  Those who turn back to the Lord will find that He will satisfy them and replenish their wasted supplies.  He will pour out blessing upon His people and signify His presence among them, while at the same time judging those who have mistreated His beloved people.  The battle will occur, and Joel begs his audience to be found on the correct side of the conflict.

Hosea 8 - 14

Israel had left the One who loved them, so they would be judged and punished for their errors.  Over and over God had demonstrated His great ability to provide for His people, yet they refused to follow His commands and obey His voice.  They preferred to follow after the other gods of the neighboring nations and found that no real satisfaction was ever found.  God removed their leadership, sent them into captivity and still they refused to see their error.  They would rather die thinking they were right than admit God was correct and live.  In spite of this, God continued to demonstrate His love toward His chosen people.  It certainly was not because they were loving or lovable; it was to show His greatness in love, patience and perseverance.  In His love, God would punish the sins of the people until they repented, then He would carefully, lovingly and fully restore them to their former place of prominence.

Hosea 1 - 7

The prophet Hosea is commanded to deliver not only a message with his words, but also a living example with his life.  He marries a woman of questionable character, fathers children named "God will scatter," "No mercy," and "Not my people" to demonstrate the actions God will take against His people.  God would not have mercy against His people who had acted unfaithfully towards Him, refusing the demonstrations of His love and faithfulness; but He would win back His beloved bride.  Hosea is commanded to buy back his wife from her harlotry as a picture of God's determination to do whatever was necessary to demonstrate His faithful patient love for His people.  There would be judgment for the committed sins but God would restore His bride to her position of honor if she would repent and turn from her adulterous actions.

Ezekiel 46 - 48

Prescriptions for worship are outlined by Ezekiel.  The worshipers are instructed as to how they shall proceed, what offerings to bring when, etc.  Instructions are even given for the preparation of the sacrifices.  A river is seen that brings healing water to the eastern region of the nation, allowing for a fishing industry and productive agricultural development.  The borders and division of the land is carefully described, insuring that all receive their fair and deserved portion.  The city itself will be called by its name "THE LORD IS THERE"

Ezekiel 44 - 45

The eastern gate of the city is commanded to be shut until the coming promised Prince appears to open it and claim His kingdom.  Admittance to the temple is greatly restricted.  The priests serving in the temple would be carefully attired; the land carefully divided; the city, the priests, and the inhabitants would all be carefully orchestrated so that order and obedience would be maintained within the new holy city.

Ezekiel 42 - 43

Ezekiel continues describing the dwelling place of God's glory in the coming kingdom that would be ruled by Messiah, the promised King.  It would be a place of perpetual worship, and Ezekiel is to consecrate the altar for use.

Ezekiel 39 - 41

A great battle will mark the end of the nations opposed to Israel.  God will deliver His people in glorious fashion and a feast will be given to commemorate the event.  Israel will then be restored fully to their land and a new temple will be erected in the newly established city of New Jerusalem.  Ezekiel is allowed to measure and record the dimensions and details of this structure.

Ezekiel 35 - 38

Because of Edom's desire to conquer Israel and take her possessions as their own, God would punish and destroy them.  Israel, however, would receive blessing and protection from her enemies.  This was due to God's choice to favor them, not for any action or benefit they could perform for God.  In fact, they had behaved terribly in response to God's demonstrations of love and mercy to them; yet, He continued to bless them as a testimony to His great power of favor, forgiveness and mercy.  The day would come when the cities of Israel would be rebuilt and the people returned to their homeland.  As proof of God's power, Ezekiel is commanded to preach to a group of dry bones that God reanimates and assembles into a great army.  The point is simple, God can accomplish His purposes through whatever means He chooses to demonstrate that He alone has ultimate power.  He would reunite the divided nation and restore them into one kingdom with one King over them, a descendant from the great king David in fulfillment of the promise made to him.  Enemies would rise up against this reunited kingdom and King, yet they would not succeed in conquering.

Ezekiel 32 - 34

A message is sent to the Pharaoh of Egypt that God would gather him up like a wild animal and allow others to have possession of his land.  This would be accomplished by the instrument of the Babylonian Empire.  Egypt would face the same end as Assyria, Elam, Meschech, Tubal, Edom, Sidon and others who fell for their opposition to God and His commands.
By contrast, Ezekiel was to act as an early warning system to the nation.  His duty was to sound the warning of God's coming judgment.  If he would remain faithful to that responsibility, the consequences would rest on the people for their response.  Were Ezekiel to fail to give the messages, he would bear responsibility for not warning the people.  God's judgment would be fairly meted out on those deserving it who were unrepentant.
The city of Jerusalem did fall during Ezekiel's captivity.  The people thought that their army, of impressive size, could effect a rescue of the city; but Ezekiel was given a message stating that they were not to trust in their might.  However, the people refused to listen and act appropriately to the message God had sent.  God compares these people to shepherds who feed themselves and not their own flocks, while He by contrast is a faithful and true Shepherd to His people.

Ezekiel 28 - 31

The nation-cities of Tyre and Sidon are given prophecies concerning the punishment that God would bring to them.  Perhaps more chilling than the descriptions of the judgment to come is the statement directly from God "I am against you."  We often say "If God is for us, who can be against us?" but what of this corollary "If God is against us, what use is having everyone for us?"  A sobering thought indeed.  The nation of Egypt is spoken against, and the statement continues that Babylon will plunder the desert nation causing Egypt and her allies to be defeated.

Ezekiel 24 - 27

God uses an illustration of a boiling pot to show how His wrath is going to last for a long period of time.   Ezekiel's wife dies as a symbol of God's coming punishment on the nation.  Messages of destruction are given to the neighboring countries surrounding Israel.  God would not spare them from the punishment they had earned with their actions.

Ezekiel 21 - 23

Babylon would be used as God's instrument of punishing the nation of Israel.  Because of Israel's sins, she would be placed in the furnace of God's wrath to burn away the offending materials.  Both Israel and Judah had sinned, and both would be punished.

Ezekiel 18 - 20

God defends His actions against the nation of Israel.  Many were claiming that His punishment was too late; that he should have punished the original transgressors and not their children.  God's position is clear:  the sons have committed just as many sins as their fathers.  In His mercy, He has allowed them the opportunity to change their ways, but they have not.  They are as much to blame as those who first sinned.  In fact, when they came to seek the Lord's wisdom, He would not readily give an answer.  They were more in love with what He provided than they were in Him!  They had made God into a talisman, a charm to be used at their disposal and discretion instead of placing themselves in His control.  In spite of their treatment of Him, He would restore those who returned to Him.  What a merciful God!